Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Effects Of Caffeine On Students s Daily Life Essay

Just like how modern technology has been embedded into lives of students, caffeine has become a necessity in student’s daily life as well. The workload of a college student can be overwhelming and it drives students to rely on caffeine. When they rely on caffeine for their body to function, they overlook an important aspect of their health conditions which is the absence of sleep. Students can be at risk for consuming too much caffeine especially when now a days, students lose track of their daily intake. Although there are beneficial aspect of caffeine that offer students to be at their optimal performance in their daily task. College campus such as UW-Madison have multiples coffee shop. This encouraging environment creates habits for student to intake caffeine. It is beautifully designed to target students. All dining halls sells coffee, the badger market sells coffee, Starbucks, and multiple cafà © around State Street are also representing their own coffee. Multiple shops also sells coffee beans for homemade coffee. The temptation of coffee can be irresistible. Many drink coffee because it increase their energy and concentration. Insufficient sleep is common among students and the extra jolt of energy they get from coffee helps them complete their daily task. Due to this, coffee is heavily relied on. Coffee is not the only source of caffeine that students relied on. Energy drink is also popular among the students as well. According to a survey study by Brenda MShow MoreRelatedEnergy Drinks: Liquid Meth?1201 Words   |  5 PagesENC1101 5 February 2013 Energy Drinks: Liquid Meth? Over the last decade, drinks containing high amounts of caffeine, sugar, and other ingredients that increase energy have been rapidly growing in popularity. Clearly these beverages are known as energy drinks. Energy drinks have gotten so popular that it is extremely rare to find a convenience store that doesn’t sell a variety of them. Students use energy drinks to cram the night before a test, athletes use them to exercise, party animals mix them withRead MoreCaffeine Synthesis1722 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Many Americans have included caffeine as a part of their daily diet whether they realize it or not. In fact, â€Å"caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive substance in the world† (Ruxton How is this instead (Caffeine is especially common throughout†¦) 15). It is found very especially commonly throughout every day foods and consumed mostly though through coffee, tea, soda, and chocolate (Spiller 200). Many Americans participate in the use of caffeine; it is estimated that 90% of adultsRead MoreSleep Is The Body s Way Of Cleansing1556 Words   |  7 PagesSleep is essential; every living things needs sleep. Sleep is the body s way of cleansing itself; without it our bodies could not function. Sleep has multiple health benefits effecting every aspect of our lives; sleep is so essential for the body that humans spend 1/3 of their lives asleep. Humans have been fascinated with sleep throughout history; several early scientist like Aristotle in 350 CE who formed a hypothesis that sleep was a form of physical renewal (Borel, 2014). Humans know littleRead MoreThe Detrimental Effects of Soda and Cola1031 Words   |  5 PagesThe Detrimental Effects of Soda What is your favorite soda? Coke? Do you know what is in soda? Cutting down on soda can lead to a healthy and better lifestyle. Studies show that soda, though it tastes good, has many negative effects that outweigh the positive effects. Soda, especially diet, is detrimental to the health of your body. My cousin s teacher did an experiment with coke. She put a tooth in coke and left it for at least a week. The next time they checked the tooth had disintegratedRead MoreSpeech On Sleep Deprivation And College Students1305 Words   |  6 PagesSpecific Purpose: Sleep and college students usually don’t tend to get along very well. Sleep and college life often bump heads due to stress, coursework and social activities. This speech will give the students useful information about dangers of not getting enough sleep and also hints on how to get a better nights sleep. INTRODUCTION A. Attention Getter: Did you know 40% of Americans or (100 million people) are moderately to severely sleep-deprived? Students in college are among the most sleepRead MoreA Study On The History Of Coffee Essay1621 Words   |  7 Pagesseeds to new lands to be planted worldwide. Part II: The Significance of Coffee in Modern Life Every day, the modern world consumes 300 tons of caffeine, or one cup of coffee for every man, woman, and child. Coffee is the second most traded commodity on Earth, after oil. The world’s largest buyer of coffee is now the United States, which has to import nearly all of this as the coffee trees from which caffeine is harvested will only grow at commercial levels between the Tropic of Cancer and the TropicRead MoreHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention Program Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesfor improving health nationwide. Healthy People 2020 has determined sleep-health as a concerning issue, and aims to increase public knowledge of how adequate sleep and treatment of sleep disorders improve health, productivity, wellness, quality of life, and safety on roads and in the workplace (ODPHP, n.d.). Studies this program have complied show that a quarter of adults in the US report sleep health as a common problem. That is, at least every other day these adults find they do not re ceive adequateRead MoreLack of Healthy Awareness Among Students3695 Words   |  15 PagesProcedure 6 3.5 Data Analysis 6 4.0 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 7 4.1 To know the level of awareness of IIUM students about their body condition 8 4.2 To investigate what IIUM students do to fill their leisure time 9 4.3 To find out how students lead their daily life routine 11 4.4 To know the effects if students practicing unhealthy lifestyle. 13 4 CONCLUSION 15 5 RECOMMENDATIONS 16 6 REFERENCES 17 7 APPENDICESRead MoreSample Iep Plan And Identifying 3 Components Of An Iep1319 Words   |  6 Pages1. Take a look at the sample IEP Plan and identify 3 components of an IEP. The Student Performance Profile indicates and contains information that was gathered during Step 1: Prereferral was initiated. Initial Concern demonstrated by the accurate data that was collected, namely â€Å"Morgan’s inappropriate behavior of self-injury, hitting or biting others, and repeating questions she is asked.† The exhaustive Testing which Morgan underwent reflects that fact that Step 2: Referral was implementedRead MoreInvestigation of the Effect of Caffeine on Human Reaction Speed2353 Words   |  9 PagesInvestigation of the Effect of Caffeine on Human Reaction Speed Introduction This lab report will be exploring whether or not human simple reaction speed is affected by the consumption of around 130ml of a caffeinated beverage. This report will also assess whether or not there is any correlation between regular caffeine consumers, and a change in reaction time. This experiment, even though had ought to produce inaccurate data due to the lack of control variables, proved to be worthwhile as the

Monday, December 16, 2019

Products from Organisms, Biological Systems and Processes Free Essays

Plants are essential to life on earth because they capture light energy and convert it into a form – chemical energy – usable by all organisms. Taking the simple molecules carbon dioxide and water, they convert these into a wide range of energy-rich organic substances to serve their needs but which also fulfil the needs of other organisms. All organisms are made up of the same basic biochemicals, so plants are a ready source of these staple foods – carbohydrates, proteins and fats, along with other essential nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. We will write a custom essay sample on Products from Organisms, Biological Systems and Processes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Of the plant species named to date (over 270 000), about 80 000 plants are known to be edible but only around thirty of these are grown as crop plants – wheat, rice, maize and potatoes provide more of the world’s food than all other crops combined. Muscular System: Muscle Metabolism iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/muscular-system-muscle-metabolism/embed/#?secret=yuZCqsUh8P" data-secret="yuZCqsUh8P" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Muscular System: Muscle Metabolism#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe As well as these staple foods, plants produce thousands of more subtle chemicals which man and other organisms have made use of. These include herbs, spices and fragrances, drinks, textiles, construction materials, dyes, fuels and medicines. Many new, revolutionary treatments, and hopes for the future, of diseases such as cancer are derived from plants, e.g. taxol from the Pacific yew. Products from Micro-organisms We know that micro-organisms were first used in brewing and baking in ancient Sumeria about 6000 years ago. The first micro-organisms were observed by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in the mid seventeenth century, but the involvement of micro-organisms in brewing was not recognised until the work of Louis Pasteur in 1856. Nowadays many products are produced using micro-organisms, including foods (beer, bread, cheese, yogurt, Single Cell Protein, e.g. Quorn, medicines (e.g. antibiotics such as penicillin) and using chemicals that micro-organisms produce as sources of energy (e.g. methanogenic and other bacteria producing â€Å"biogas†, ethanol). It is the chemicals that the micro-organisms produce as part of their metabolism that make them useful. Applications of Biological Systems and Processes As biotechnology has advanced, biotechnologists have not only made use of the organism themselves, but biological systems and processes. These technologies make use of DNA: * Enzymes: Enzymes are chemicals which speed up biological reactions. The use of enzymes by humans really began thousands of years ago, but when they were in the cells of organisms. More recently it has been realised that these would work better isolated from cells. Probably the first use of isolated enzymes was â€Å"takadiastase† – prepared from a fungus on wheat bran. * DNA fingerprinting: Each individual on the planet (except for identical twins) is unique because of the combination of their genes and differences in large areas of the DNA that do not carry genes. In the early 1980s, Professor Alec Jeffreys, at the University of Leicester, showed that DNA, extracted from an individual could be broken into sections using enzymes, then separated into bands using a technique called electrophoresis. Because of similarities and differences in banding patterns, this technique can be used in forensic science, questions of paternity and in the diagnosis of genetic diseases. Detailed Notes Application of Enzymes Applications of enzymes nowadays include: * Industrial applications: Enzymes from bacteria which help to break down proteins and fats are used in biological washing powders. Dish washer powders often contain amylases to break down starch. * Food industry: Many enzymes are used in the production of cheese and by some brewers in beer production. In baking, amylases are added to flour to speed up the breakdown of starch into glucose, for use by the yeast. * Textiles: Starch has been used as a coating on fabrics to prevent damage during weaving. This can be removed by bacterial amylases. * Medicine: Biosensors can be used, for instance, to test a person’s blood cholesterol. Strips impregnated with enzymes are used to test for glucose, for instance in urine. How to cite Products from Organisms, Biological Systems and Processes, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Mediating Role of Legal Institutions †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Mediating Role of Legal Institutions. Answer: Introduction: The issue that has been mentioned in the question refers to the structure and content of the GHG Emission disclosure that has been mentioned in the sustainability report of the concerned company. The particular structure that has been utilized by the management of Woodside Petroleum Limited is that it has provided sufficient disclosure in its sustainability report in regards to the GHG emission disclosure by the company for the particular financial year of 2017. It has mentioned the product and the description of the product has also been involved in the annual report of the company. The other heads that has been included in GHG emission disclosure are the Taxonomy, project or methodology used to classify product/s as low carbon or to calculate avoided emissions , % revenue from low carbon product/s in the reporting year and % RD low carbon products in the reporting year. Moreover, other relevant information has also been included in the GHG emission disclosure. Furthermore, it has been mentioned in the reports of the organization inn regards to the voluntary disclosures and the related documents have also been attached. In the case of AGL Energy Limited, the disclosure that has been provided in regards to the GHG emission disclosure reflects the fact that the corporate entity is moving towards a carbon constrained future. It has been further mentioned in the sustainability report of the company that the company has a commitment to limit the level of global warming to less than 2 C above pre-industrial levels. The structure and content that has been included in the GHG emission disclosure of the company have been segregated into three methods that have been utilized for the purpose of measuring the GHG emissions of the corporate entity (Agevall, Broberg, Umans, 2018). These methods are as follows: The operational greenhouse gas footprint results in the covering of the emission in regards to the activities or the operations of the company that results in emissions The equity greenhouse gas footprint refers to the share that has been experienced by the company in regards to the emissions from partly or fully owned assets irrespective of the fact that to whom the ownership of the particular asset belongs to. The energy supply greenhouse gas foot print on the other hand leads to the estimation of the supply chain emissions that have been associated with the energy that is sold to the customers of the business entity. However, an issue with the GHG emission disclosure of the company has been that there have been no voluntary disclosures in the sustainability report of the firm in regards to the greenhouse gas or carbon emission for the particular financial year(Agevall, Broberg, Umans, 2018). The particular standard that has been established by the NGER Act is the Clean Energy Regulator leads to the encouragement of the voluntary compliance by emphasizing on providing he required guidance and assistance to their clients for the purpose of understanding the rights, obligations and entitlements. The fundamental standards that have been mentioned by NGER are as follows: Production of energy and consumption has been accurately reported and categorized Reporting and measurement of the emissions regards to flaring has been accurate Reporting of the location of the facility has been accurate. Therefore, it can be evidently concluded that both the corporate enteritis of Woodside Petroleum Limited and AGL Energy Limited has adhered to the standards as established by the NGER Act. However, a particular issue with the sustainability report of the corporate entity of AGL Limited has been that it has not undertaken any voluntary disclosures in regards to the GHG emissions or carbon emission in the GHG emission disclosure of the corporate entity for the stipulated financial year (Agevall, Broberg, Umans, 2018). The NGER audit requirements have been as follows: The audit team is solely responsible for ensuring the fact that the team has the required degree of skills for the purpose of successfully carrying out the all the aspects in regards to the committed management procedures (Agevall, Broberg Umans, 2018). The team leaders should in all probabilities ensure the fact that the audits have been carried out and reported in compliance with the auditing standards as mentioned in the Australian Auditing and Assurance Standards Board. Section 2.5 (c) of the NGR audit determination states the fact that this includes ASAE 3000. Moreover, depending on the subject matter of the audit the auditors might need to apply ASAE 3100, ASAE 3410 and ASAE 3450 (Agevall, Broberg Umans, 2018). The second consideration is that the auditor must be independent of the subject of the audit such as program applicant or project participant to that extent when the conflict of the interest situation does not arise in the audit of the subject matter (Agevall, Broberg Umans, 2018). The type of assurance opinion provided in the sustainability report of Woodside Petroleums sustainability report is that the third party verification or assurance process is in place. The opinion that has been provided in regards to assurance refers to the fact that annual process has limited assurance and that the assurance in regards to the GHG emission disclosure has reasonable assurance. The subject matter for limited assurance has been the full content of the report in regards to the activities of Woodside Petroleum Limited. The Global Reporting Initiatives G4 disclosures has also been the subject matter for limited assurance (Axelsen, Green Ridley, 2017). On the other hand, the subject matter for reasonable assurance are as follows: Anti-bribery and transparency Regulatory compliance Change in climate Prevention of the major incidents Responsiveness in regards to major incidents Health and safety performance The criteria that has been applicable to the report are the Principles for Defining Report Content and the GRI Principles for Ensuring Report Quality and the Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) G4 Reporting Guidelines. In case of AGL Energy Limited , the type of assurance opinion that has been provided in the sustainability report of the company has been that of the type pf limited assurance engagement. The subject matter of the report that has been presented in the sustainability framework of the company are as follows: AA1000 principles the particular corporate entity of AGL Energy Limited has applied the accountability principles standard in regards to the management and reporting of the sustainability performance of the company. Sustainability targets of has been another subject matter of audit The reporting criteria has been that the principles of inclusivity; materiality and responsiveness that has been set out in AA1000 APS are applied. The next reporting criteria that has been utilized for the next subject matter of audit are the approaches and the definitions that have been described in the sustainability framework section contained in the sustainability framework of AGL Energy Limited for the financial year of 2016. The assurance standard that has been employed by the auditor is the AA1000 Principles (Axelsen, Green Ridley, 2017). The most important auditing assertions that would be included for the purpose of GHG reporting are as follows: The rights and obligations of the required standards have been met with The completeness of the sustainability report has been met with the required standdads of reporting. The case that has been presented in the question is that CFW Ltd was taken over by Warehousing Ltd. However, the particular fact had been that the auditors had not attended all stocktakes at the year end. There had been discrepancies in regards to the closing balance of the inventories. The inventories had been overvalued and the particular issue that had been raised by the management was that the auditors had been very negligent. The particular case study that can be proceeded with is the Twomax Ltd v Dickson, Mcfarlane Robinson where the cour had given out the particular ruling that the defendant auditor would be liable to make payments for the loss that had been suffered by the company. To be more precise, the third party investors who had trusted in the audited proceedings of the corporate entities had experienced reasonable loss for executing specific decision making skills in regards to the result of the audit. The acquiring company had suffered the majority of the loss due to the fact that the CFW had essentially been taken over by Warehousing Limited on the basis of the inventory balance of the acquired company. However, the overvaluing of the inventories of the acquired company led to a huge loss that had been suffered by Warehousing Limited (Axelsen, Green Ridley, 2017). Moreover another case law that can be discussed in regards to this particular issue is the Haig v Bamford. In this particular case the tests that could be applied for the purpose of proving negligence on the part of the auditor are as follows: Foresee ability in regards to the utilization of the financial statements and the report of the auditor thereon by the plaintiff and reliance thereon The actual knowledge in regards to the class that is limited in relation to the utilization of the financial statements of the corporate entities and reliance on such issued statements Actual knowledge of the specific plaintiff who will utilize and put efficient reliance on the statements. It must be noted here that the above three mentioned tests have been adapted in the common law jurisdiction in order to facilitate an Australian court for finding the persuasive authority for the adoption of any test that it might choose (Schnader, Bedard Cannon, 2015). Therefore, the case that is created against the auditors of the CFW Ltd can be based upon the following major criteria as follows: The auditors did not attend all stocktakes at year-end. CFW were present at those for the Sydney based operations of the company only, this inventory is determined to have been overvalued by 35%. 50% of the inventory of the inventory does not exist and the auditors of the company have not highlighted this fact. The particular fact that Warehousing Limited has the grounds to indicate the fact that the auditors have been negligent should be highlighted in the case. This means that the building of the case should be based upon the fact that the auditors have been negligent. However, it must be noted here that if the act of negligence is not been proved in regards to the case then Warehousing Ltd will not be able to be successful in their legal action. This is due to the fact that if the defendant is able to prove that there was no negligence on his part and the company had committed the discrepancy then the winning of the particular case would be difficult. Moreover, the particular fact that the auditor has raised that there had been much pressure by CFW to complete the audit within one month of the balance date, should be dealt with carefully (Schnader, Bedard Cannon, 2015). If Warehousing Ltd had written to the auditors telling them that they intended to buy CFW and were relying on the audited financial statements to assist them in making their decision then the case would be totally in support of Warehousing Limited. This is due to the fact that the feature of negligence on the part of the auditor could have been proved with much ease (Schnader, Bedard Cannon, 2015). References and Bibliography Agevall, L., Broberg, P., Umans, T. (2018). The new generation of auditors meeting praxis: Dual learnings role in audit students professional development. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 62(2), 307-324. Agevall, L., Broberg, P., Umans, T. (2018). The new generation of auditors meeting praxis: Dual learnings role in audit students professional development. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 62(2), 307-324. Axelsen, M., Green, P., Ridley, G. (2017). Explaining the information systems auditor role in the public sector financial audit. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 24, 15-31. Bae, G. S., Choi, S. U., Dhaliwal, D. S., Lamoreaux, P. T. (2016). Auditors and client investment efficiency. The Accounting Review, 92(2), 19-40. Cohen, J., Krishnamoorthy, G., Wright, A. (2017). Enterprise risk management and the financial reporting process: The experiences of audit committee members, CFOs, and external auditors. Contemporary Accounting Research, 34(2), 1178-1209. D'Onza, G., Sarens, G. (2018). Factors that enhance the quality of the relationships between internal auditors and auditees: Evidence from Italian companies. International Journal of Auditing, 22(1), 1-12. El Ghoul, S., Guedhami, O., Pittman, J. (2016). Cross-country evidence on the importance of Big Four auditors to equity pricing: The mediating role of legal institutions. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 54, 60-81. Halbouni, S. S. (2015). The role of auditors in preventing, detecting, and reporting fraud: the case of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). International Journal of Auditing, 19(2), 117-130. Lisic, L. L., Silveri, S. D., Song, Y., Wang, K. (2015). Accounting fraud, auditing, and the role of government sanctions in China. Journal of Business Research, 68(6), 1186-1195. Nelson, M. W., Proell, C. A., Randel, A. E. (2016). Team-oriented leadership and auditors' willingness to raise audit issues. The Accounting Review, 91(6), 1781-1805. Schnader, A. L., Bedard, J. C., Cannon, N. (2015). The principal-agent dilemma: Reframing the auditor's role using stakeholder theory. Accounting and the Public Interest, 15(1), 22-26. Soh, D. S., Martinov-Bennie, N. (2015). Internal auditors perceptions of their role in environmental, social and governance assurance and consulting. Managerial Auditing Journal, 30(1), 80-111. Tysiac, K., 2015. Data analytics helps auditors gain deep insight. Journal of Accountancy, 219(4), p.52.